Editing

Cuts and Transitions Presentation

The notion of directing a film is the invention of critics - the whole eloquence of cinema is achieved in the editing room. 
 -  Orson Welles

Intro to Editing Qs

Q1. What is the most basic edit  and what does it do?

- Cut is the most common way to join two shots. In essence, it is the continuation of two different shots within the same time and space.

Q2. What are the purposes of a simple cut?

-It is the continuation of two different shots within the same time and space

Q3. What is cutting on action?

- Film editing and video editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action.

Q4. Give three examples of action cuts.

-A man walking up to a door and reaching for the knob. Just as his hand touches the knob, the scene cuts to a shot of the door opening from the other side.

Q5. What is a cutaway?

-The interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. 

Q6. What is the purpose of a cutaway shot?

- In dramatic films is to adjust the pace of the main action, to conceal the deletion of some unwanted part of the main shot, or to allow the joining of parts of two versions of that shot.

Q7. What is cross cutting? Give an example

most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time, and usually in the same place. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case. 
Q8. What effects can cross cutting be used to achieve.

             ------------------------------------------
Q9. What is a jump cut? Explain its purpose.

- A jump cut is a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly if at all. This type of edit gives the effect of jumping forwards in time.

Q10. Explain what a match cut is and give an example.

- A cut from one shot to another where the two shots are matched by the action or subject and subject matter. For example, in a duel a shot can go from a long shot on both contestants via a cut to a medium closeup shot of one of the duellists.

Q11. What is a transition ?

-  A technique used in the post-production process of film editing and video editing by which scenes or shots are combined. Most commonly this is through a normal cut to the next shot.

Q12 What is meant by fade in fade out?

- In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a dissolve (sometimes called a lap dissolve) is a gradual transition from one image to another. The terms fade-out (also called fade to black) and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image.

Q13.How is a fade in fade out different to a dissolve? Are they used for different purposes? Make a table.

Q14. What is a smash cut?

- A smash cut is a technique in film and other moving picture media where one scene abruptly cuts to another for aesthetic, narrative, or emotional purpose

Q15. What is the iris transition?
- An iris slow is a wipe that takes the shape of a growing or shrinking circle.

Q16. What is a wipe?

- A wipe is a type of film transition where one shot replaces another by travelling from one side of the frame to another or with a special shape. 

Q17. What is an invisible cut?

-In film theory, there are basically two types of cuts: visible and invisible. The visible cut (used frequently in music videos and experimental films) is highly noticeable, while invisible cuts are all about smoothly transitioning from one scene to the next, so as not to distract from the story.

Q18. What is the purpose of L cuts and J cuts?

- To explain, a J cut, so named because the clip looks like a little "J" in the timeline, is when the audio of the next shot precedes the video, and an L cut, so named because (you get the point), is when the video of the next shot precedes the audio. 

Q19. What is the purpose of continuity editing?

-The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots.